Hate Crime Laws Essay - 1378 Words

Imagine you are a family member of a man who was chained up to the back of a pickup truck and drug along a gravel road for two miles until he was dead. Then imagine how you would feel after you found out that this happened just because he was a black man. Things like this sicken me. I believe that the people that are responsible for these horrific crimes should be prosecuted to the full extent of the law. That is why I strongly support hate crime laws. Now, before I dive into this very controversial subject, I should probably define what hate crime laws are so you will have a better understanding of what I am talking about. As I have understood it, hate crime laws are laws that protect certain minorities or groups from†¦show more content†¦While reading through Issues and Controversies on file I also found out that some of the â€Å"policy makers† believe that all crimes are committed with some form of hate in mind. They say that if this is true then hate crime laws are â€Å"therefore redundant and unnecessary.† These people believe that all crimes are already fully punishable â€Å"regardless of why they were committed†(506). In response to these comments, I can see where some of theses people are coming from. For instance many of these experts that I read about said that it is just the minorities that get the protection from bias motivated crimes. This is really not completely true. In Elena Grigera’s article she says that â€Å"it is important to keep in mind that, while hate crime legislation is often viewed as a vehicle of protection for such minority groups as blacks and Jews, such laws also protect the white majority from bias-motivated violence†(2). These people seem to think that it is just the minorities that can become victims of these hate crimes, but in reality that is not the case at all. A white heterosexual male can just as easily become a victim of a hate crime as a black heterosexual male can. For example in the Wisconsin v. Mitchell case in 1993 a group of â€Å"black youths severely beat a schoolboy† because he was white. â€Å"The youths received enhanced p rison sentences† under the state hate crime laws (Hate-Crime 512). This is only one of the manyShow MoreRelatedHate Crimes Laws And Hate Crime1543 Words   |  7 PagesHate Crimes What is a hate crime? Although the definition can vary based on what groups are included (Cogan, 2006, p. 174) the simplest definition would be, violence against a person or group of people based on their gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, religion, race or disability (Burgess, Regehr, Roberts, 2013). Hate Crimes do not just effect the victim but also the community. Those who become victims of hate crime are not chosen at random, it is because of the group they identify with orRead MoreEssay on Hate Crime Laws1959 Words   |  8 Pagessentenced ring leader John King to death by lethal injection (â€Å"Man Executed for Dragging Death of James Byrd†). While this particular case may give the appearance that perpetrators of hate crimes receive appropriate punishment, almost a decade later, one particular case demonstrates the inequity in the application of hate crime punishments: In 2007, Sean Kennedy of Charleston, South Carolina, left a bar around 3:45 am and was confron ted by Stephen Moller, who called him a â€Å"faggot† and then punched himRead MoreHate Crimes And The Response Of Law Enforcement Officers Essay1370 Words   |  6 PagesThe phrase â€Å"Hate Crime† rose to prominence in the 1980s, in an attempt to describe crimes against someone based on their race or religion. These crimes were motivated, at least in part and sometimes in entirety, by bias against African Americans and Jews. Since that time, the term has expanded to include illegal acts against a person, organization, and their property based on the criminal’s bias against the victim’s minority class. These minority classes include race and ethnicity, sexual orientationRead MoreEssay about Hate Crime Victimization1642 Words   |  7 Pagesof murders, assaults, and acts of vandalism and desecration were fueled by bigotry† (Karmen, 2013, p. 350). Hate crime victimization is a very prevalent and serious issue that exists amongst our society today that is often used to demonstrate a form of hate towards a particular group of people; primarily minority groups. â€Å"Although each state employs a different definition of hate crime, most statutes include groups singled out on the basis of race (such as African Americans or Asian Americans)Read MoreThe Reasons behind Homosexual Discrimination1214 Words   |  5 Pagesa total of 17 states have legalized gay marriage, 16 states allow joint gay adoptions, and 17 states, in addition to the District of Columbia, have prohibited discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity (Maps of State Laws Policies). It is imperative to recognize these accomplishments, as it shows just how far homosexuals have come in gaining the rights that they deserve; however, it is also important to identify the positives in order to show that there is stillRead MoreEssay on Hate Crime Analysis1420 Words   |  6 PagesHate Crime Analysis Kim Hull CJA/540 Criminological Theory October 13, 2011 Facilitator David Mailloux CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I  certify that  the attached  paper is my original work. I am familiar with, and acknowledge my responsibilities which are part of, the University of Phoenix Student Code of Academic Integrity. I affirm that any section of the paper which has been submitted previously is attributed and cited as such, and that this paper has not been submitted by anyone else.  I haveRead MoreThe Fight Against Hate1268 Words   |  6 Pagespunishments against hate crimes. (A hate crime is any crime that is committed due to a bias towards a particular group of people.) Currently, forty states and the District of Columbia have passed hate crime laws. Those laws ban any crime connected to bias based on gender, race, origin, sexual orientation, disability, or religion. Only nineteen of those states, however, have laws that include gender, twenty have laws protecting the disabled and twenty-one have sexual orientation laws. Florida has someRead MoreIn Many Cities Throughout the United States, the Prevalence of Hate Crimes Has Increased. You Have Been Asked to Provide Your Insight Into This and Recommend Ways to Decrease the Occurrence of These Types of Crimes.696 Words   |  3 PagesHate Crimes NAME SSCI210-1101B-08: Sociology American Intercontinental University Abstract Prejudice can lead to many things. Hate crimes are something every individual has to be concerned with. Targets are not always based on race, but based on social class. Hate crimes are not always an uncontrollable or random act. Race motivated crimes occur when an ethnically or racially person starts to see a migration of people with different ethnic or racial backgrounds. Social class hate crimes occurRead MorePsychological Effects Of Hate Crimes1335 Words   |  6 Pagesimpacted by hate crimes can be informed by psychological research. For example, are hate crimes more harmful than other kinds of crime? Why do people commit hate crimes? What can be done to prevent or lessen the impact of hate and bias-motivated crimes? Social scientific research is beginning to yield information on the nature of crimes committed because of real or perceived differences in race, religion, ethnicity or national origin, sexual orientation, disability, or gender. Current federal law definesRead MoreH ate Crimes in New Jersey Essay examples1310 Words   |  6 PagesHate Crimes in New Jersey ...Until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream. These powerful words were uttered by Martin Luther King in the midst of the racial unrest in the 1960s. During this time period many people of the black race were affected with discrimination of all sorts. Now-a-days, crimes once driven solely by hatred for ones race now stem from opposition to ones religion, gender, disability, or sexual orientation. In a study done in 2009 by findthedata

Essay on Theater in the 1920s - 475 Words

In the 1920s, the theater was considered the scene of a curious conflict between realism and a freer form of theatricality. (MacGowen, viii) There were many famous playwrights of the era. Among these were Thornton Wilder and, probably the most prominent playwright, Eugene ONeill. These two authors used many of the same themes in their writing; romanticism was a popular one. However, they each also used themes and styles of writing that set them apart from other writers. The values that were promoted in the works of Thornton Wilder included those of Christian morality, the community, the family, and the appreciation of everyday pleasures. (Wilder, Discovering Authors) Wilder was more of a realist than a romantic, though in his†¦show more content†¦(ONeill, Discovering Authors) Many of his plays contain profound insights into mans inner nature, his drive to attain wealth and power. (ONeill, Multimedia Encyclopedia) His early plays suggest the beauty and impossibility of the romantic dream to which all of the characters remain true. (Carpenter, 65) Later plays turned from the always beautiful dream to the always ugly reality. (Carpenter, 67) ONeill was unique in the many different techniques he used. These included interior monologue, stream of consciousness dialogue, the aside, symbolic masks, the chorus, thematic repetition, mythological motiffs, and frank unrealism. (ONeill, Discovering Authors) During the 1920s, the theater was very popular. Many playwrights emerged from the decade more famous than what they entered. Two of these playwrights were Eugene ONeill and Thornton Wilder. ONeill wrote many of the famous plays of the 1920s. He later won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1936, the only American to do so. (ONeill, Discovering Authors) Wilder also wrote many plays during the roaring twenties. He distinguished himself from his contemporaries with his religious humanism, stylisitc virtuosity, and technical versatility. (Burbank, 27) WORKS CITED Burbank, Rex J. Thornton Wilder. second edition, Boston: Twayne Publishers, A division of G.K. Hall Co., 1978. Carpenter, Frederick I. Eugene ONeill. Boston: Twayne Publishers, AShow MoreRelatedHistory of Theater: 1890 - 19202131 Words   |  9 Pageshonor. The first Greek plays were all tragedies but eventually comedy made its way and these plays were performed at festivals all over Greece. Through the centuries theater played the main role of entertainment from noble and royalty to the common person in any city or village, and as we move into the twenties century, theater was still a huge part of the entertainment for the masses. At the start of the 20th Century, America was in full glory of its cultural adolescence, bursting with energyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie 1920 American Film 1318 Words   |  6 Pages1920’s American Film During the 1920s, American Film was at the peak of its glory. 1920s Film was the biggest form of entertainment and a weekly pastime for millions of Americans, regardless of race and social background. Silent films continued to improve and innovate the film industry. Hollywood established themselves as an American force and produced hundreds of silent films. Also, Hollywood became the birthplace of â€Å"movie stars† such as Janet Gaynor, Rudolph Valentino, and Charlie Chaplin. MovieRead MoreSummary Of The Great Gatsby 1327 Words   |  6 PagesLivingston English III H Date: 11/7/2017 Dà ©cor From the 1920 s One of the major aspects of the 1920 s was dà ©cor. Art and decoration obtained a role in nearly everything during this time. From parties to everyday life dà ©cor was a very influential aspect during this time. Jesse James In the novel The Great Gatsby, readers are treated with many examples of artistic, decorative, and architectural design by Fitzgeralds excellent descriptions of the colorful environments and locations in theRead More Social Aspects of the Roaring Twenties Essay900 Words   |  4 PagesSocial Aspects of the Roaring Twenties The beliefs of the Greenwhich Village, a group of authors, poets, playwrights, and artists, during the 1920s, included the idea of salvation by the children, i.e., encouraging children to devolp their own personalities, and cultivating their own self-expression. They upheld the idea of paganism, the body is a temple in which there is nothing unclean, a shrine to be adorned by the ritual of love. They upheld idea of living for the moment; the idea of liberty;Read More Ma Rainey and Bessie Smith: Two Legendary Classical Blues Artists971 Words   |  4 Pagesthey toured as â€Å"Ma and Pa Rainey: Assassinators of the Blues.† By the early 1920s, she was a star of the Theater Owners Booking Agency (TOBA), which were white-run theaters where black singers could perform for both black and white audiences. In 1923 she signed her first recording contract with Paramount, and, within five years, had recorded over one hundred songs; she was one of Paramounts biggest sellers in the 1920s. Her first records include â€Å"Bo Weavil Blues† and â€Å"Moonshine Blues.† By 1928Read MoreThe Soviet Regime And Cultural Organizations1472 Words   |  6 Pagestheir culture and make theater accessible even to the Rusyns who lived in â€Å"dark villages† (Senyura 2012 pp.36). Recent History – 19th Century and 20th Century Ukrainian Theater With the â€Å"Ukrainophile orientation clearly in ascendant†, the population of Ukraine started to push itself away from Russian influence (Magocsi 2002 pg.100). At the beginning of the 19th century, a distinct set of genres started to develop in Ukrainian theater. According to Malyutina, Ukrainian theater genres were almost alwaysRead MoreHollywood Studios And The Movie Industry Essay1353 Words   |  6 PagesWarner Brothers Pictures, Paramount, RKO, Metro Goldwyn Mayer, and 20th Century Fox, each of whom owned their own film production sets and studios. Universal, United, and Columbia Pictures were also considered noteworthy, despite not owning their own theaters, while Disney, Monogram, and Republic were considered third-tier. (History Cooperative) These studios composed â€Å"The Big Five†, the film studios that controlled Hollywood for over fifty years and distributed an estimated 90% of Fiction films aroundRead MoreWomen As An Adult Female Person868 Words   |  4 Pagesto fight so we can be somewhere new tomorrow. Women were seen as housewives, who cooked cleaned, and cared for the children while their husband was bringing home the bacon. This transferred into the theater as well. Women were expected to always attend with a male escort to one, keep her safe, as theater could easily turn into a riot, and two because attending without a man suggested one was a prostitute. The invention of the matinee performance allotted women the opportunity to attend shows duringRead MoreRise Of American Theaters And Consumerist Desires1594 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican Theaters And Consumerist Desires In the early twentieth century movies signified modernity by becoming the most prevalent medium of culture in the United States in a period of time where the social makeup was shifting from a predominantly middle class to working class neighborhoods that were made up of many different communities. As a direct consequence, nickelodeons, temporary storefront theaters, and vaudeville programs all flourished in the working class districts. By the late 1920s, almostRead MoreFilm : The Stage Of Innovation1067 Words   |  5 Pages2008). Ultimately, many people all over the world were attracted to film because it affected them in a manner that other forms of media had not done so before. Film peaked from the 1920s to the 1940s as it gained more attention and filmmakers, movie stars and production companies expanded and made more money. The late 1920s brought something new to film production: the possibility of recorded sound along with the images. Warner Bros. introduced a brand new program that used a Vitaphone system in 1926

What Determines Are Destiny Free Essays

It can be difficult to understand and realize what determines our destiny. There are Contradiction determining if our characteristics and behavior are primarily due to Genetics or the environment in which we live. Many factors and aspects of Lives influence us daily. We will write a custom essay sample on What Determines Are Destiny or any similar topic only for you Order Now These factors create different circumstances that lead us to determined our path. Dr. Judith Rich Harris states in the video that the similarity of children to their parents in personality, is entirely genetic†. In the video Dr.  Stanley Greenspan said that if parents feel they have no influence and everything is genetically determined, then they may not do what they need to do to help the babies be flexible, healthy and good capers. The video states that we are born with a set of genes that never change. When we are conceived, two sets of genes are joined into one. From that moment, DNA determines certain characteristics. We can now readily accept that genes determine our eye color, height, blood type, gender and other biological factors. But science has only begun to explore the role that genes play in human behavior. Some People believe that the power of genes, determines all consequence in our lives. But other people say that genes do not determine everything in a person life. There have been countless studies to find out if our destiny is written in our genes or determined by circumstance. Dr William R. Clark thinks that â€Å"Gene may well, determine how we behave in given situations. This way, the behavior can be caused from the Genes, and not by habits or education. Some features and of a person will never change, and other can be easily changed. The male speaker states that one of UCLA immunologist Dr.  William Clark says, that genes help to control how we interpret our environment. In many cases genes can be very useful and there can be a lot of similarities in gestures, talking etc. In many cases this similarities are done by children without knowing that their parents do these things the same way. It is the opinion of Dr. William R. Clark, â€Å"You’re dealt a particular hand of neurotransmitters and neurotransmitters receptors and again together, with other things of course in your biology and in your history, it’s to play out differently in different people. As fact, everything is very ndividual. There are children that are not similar to their parents and very different in character and features. Let consider what Dr. Steven Pinker said , â€Å"There has to be some kind of innate circuitry in place that allows us to create culture and acquire culture and do the learning. It was suggested that they do not operate without some input. Dr William R. Clark thinks that what you choose to learn, how hard you try to learn, and what you do with what you learn, you do some input. The ability to modify our behavior is what allows us to overcome genetic predisposition. In opinion of Dr.  David Moore, different genes are turned on and off in different circumstances. Personally I agree with that and I think that sometimes people act not by the rules made up by society, but by the genetic rules. They do this unconsciously. Speaker also states that â€Å"those circumstances thought maybe very subtle. Consider identical twins born with the same DNA; though raised alike, Nancy and Jenna are quick to point out they are individuals. Jenna says that Nancy was always very pretty spirited, and that she was a little bit more responsible. For each person their individuality is very important. It means being different from each others, doing something special and something that will surprise others. All individual have different interested, characteristics, and skills. People use creativity, through knowledge and new ideas, and implement them in their daily lives. Many people appreciate changes, as they bring a lot of new things. New things always have the upper hand, always attracting people and keeping them motivated. According to Dr. Stanley Greenspan, â€Å"Proper upbringing will depend on lots of nurturing interactions in your all years of life. † Dr Steven Pinker thanks that â€Å"Parents aren’t the only aspects of the environment? There is also the surrounding culture. As a fact, some people believe that in reality, the strongest social influences exist outside the home. Dr. Judith Rich Harris presumes that â€Å"Children live in separate worlds and each world is very important, but there is very little carry over from one world to the other. And what is carried over is whatever is genetic. As stated by Dr. Judith Rich Harris, â€Å"we get our genes from our parents but are guided by our peer. Nature vs. nurture purists believe that we are either molded entirely by our surroundings or our genetic makeup. Personally I think that upbringing is extremely important, and it determines the future character of a person. The children of immigrants do not resemble their parents in the language they’re speaking even in their culture. They resemble the people they grew up with. In a recent study, all that Dr. Judith Rich Harris said was back-up. The greatest influence was found on weather teen drink or smoke, has to do if weather their friends do. External influence can make a great different, as everything depends on the company and friends, who surround the particular person. Dr Judith Rich Harris thinks that â€Å"as long as you are within the normal range of parenting, how your child turns out is not up to you is up to the child. All in all, children and their perception of the situations and the world as a whole determine their habits, their communications skills and abilities. The whole future depends on what child experiences, who he communicates with who these people are. As was stated by child psychiatrist Dr Stanley Greenspan, this attitude can create irresponsible parenting. We encourage parents to be either passive or hopeless or helpless in the phase of certain challenges that they were assumed are genetic. Consequently, the genes and environment are like a dance, working together to make as who we are. Dr Stanley Greenspan thinks that maybe the environment sets the constraints, just as much of genes do . Dr David S. Moore stated that â€Å"if you throw Einstein in a closet, when he’s a baby because he had some insane parent, he would not grow up to be smart, He would wind up like one of those tragic kids who get’s found in a closet. â€Å" To sum it up, it can be stated, that whether it’s parents, peers or genetic predisposition, it seems our destiny our destiny is determined by a blend of factors. Dr. Greenspan is convinced, that â€Å"nature is a lock and nurture has provided the key for that lock. † In the present, scientist continue to study the nature of our DNA and how it reacts to environment as they think they will gain better understanding of the diseases and behaviors that affect our lives. All in all, it is almost impossible to determine our destiny, as the influence on the person’s life is unpredictable and there are many possibilities to change everything and to make a choice. I think both sides of the issue are correct to varying degrees depending on the issue. Obviously we are not able to change our height, shoe size, or natural hair color, but if we are plagued with a trait that is not considered â€Å"normal† that we want to change and do so, by all means we should. I think that upbringing and behavior, and our belief determine our destiny. It comes down to what is in our entire character makeup, and our ability to overcome the negative influences of our environment and take steps to modify the glitches in our personalities. It can be said for sure, that education plays the most important part in a person’s life and it determines the future and success of a person. How to cite What Determines Are Destiny, Essay examples

Accounting for Strategy Management and Control

Question: Discuss about the Accounting for Strategy Management and Control. Answer: Introduction: In the year 2008, Volkswagen decided to introduce diesel-fuelled cars, since then it has paved the way for several scandals faced by the company. The companys main risk was seen in terms of the breaching of the countries rules related of the pollution control and environmental laws. This was directly evident from the emission scandal, which took place in the late 2015. The main scandal was seen in tem of the breach of the environmental laws of United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Hence, the main risk was associated to legal risk, which was imposed on the car company by the respective council for the environmental laws. In the year 2013-2015, more than 580000 owners of Volkswagen were on the verge of facing longer-term challenges (Schiermeier, 2015). According to Burki (2015), the risk associated was related to the depreciating value of the used cars. The second risk of the company was mainly seen in the emissions of NOx, European Environment Agency, saw the death of 500000 people in Europe due to poor quality of air (Barrett et al., 2015). The scientific data collected gave a clear picture of the nitrogen oxide in environmental concentrations related to the people. The third risk was seen in terms of the getting an approval on the performance and fuel efficiency of the cars. The risk calculator has determined the risk statement with the level of risk. It has been able to present the rationale determining the each risk component to be high, medium or low. The risk calculator has been shown below as follows: Risk Exposure Calculator Risk area Risk Rating Notes Growth 1. Pressure imposed by the company to meet the target 4 As per the message given by the sales executive, there was immense pressure on the company to be on the top. 2. The Growth rate of the company in the year 2015 2 The value of the company plummeted as the company embroiled into the scandal. The global sales fell by 2% following the aftermath of the scandal related to the Carbon dioxide emission. Thereby breaching the laws of several environmental protection agencies (Hotten, 2015) 3. Experience level of people at Volkswagen 3 The lacks of experience among the engineers has led to several controversy in the past. The controversies are directly related to the CO2 emissions. This is relevant to the up gradation of the manufacturing of the engines as the environmental laws imposed by the different countries (Ruddick, 2015). Culture 1. The amount of potential rewards given to the people involved in the business which is as a result of the entrepreneurial risk 4 The rewards for the entrepreunial risk are seen in terms of long-term incentive, annual appraisal and enhancement in the employment security (Sustainabilityreport2013.volkswagenag.com, 2016). 2. The nature of senior management to avoid hearing bad news 2 It has been clearly stated in the given case study that Martin Winterkorn was a demanding boss who did not like failures. The style of the management-fostered fear among the employees as it was authoritative in nature. On a handful of the executives dared to approach Winterkorn. 3. The need for friendlier grievance redress system 1 Information Management 1. The intricacy level of the information needed to run the business 4 The various types of the operation related to the manufacturing process of large diesel bore engines for marine and stationary applications, turbochargers, turbo machinery (steam and gas turbines), compressors and chemical reactors. The intricacies are also seen in terms of the application vehicle transmissions, special gears related to the car(Kretchmer, 2015). 2. How are the amount of gaps involved between the information actually needed and the information actually available 4 Due to limited engagement of the higher management with the employees of the organization there is a high amount of gap observed for the redress of the employee problems (Thompson Kottasova, 2015). 3. The amount of decisions taken by the company who are not a part of the core team 1 The company makes sure that the critical operations are carried out by only those individuals who are a part of the core team of the company Total (out of maximum 45) 25 The technical roles are seen in terms of the application of the budgets that will help the company with better cost management and cost control. The various types of the other technical roles can be seen terms of the application and the usage of the techniques such as Activity Based Costing, traditional costing, economic value added and shareholders value added. The economic value added is shown below with an example given below The application of the aforementioned tools will help the company in better assessment of cost management and cost control. Another technical aspect can be seen in terms of the company is getting a fix in terms of the software but this would not solve the problem of getting an approval for the cheaper variety of the cars. It has been also observed that the installed TDI device in the different types of the 11 million cars across the USA and Europe and was only detected by a group of scientists when the cases related to the discrepancies around the emission level of Volkswagens diesel car products were on the rise (Ewing, 2015). Some of the social aspects included in the study can be demonstrated with the application of the disclosure of the budgets. The use of Budgets acts as an useful tool because it can be used to motivate employees or staff at Volkswagen. At the same time, budgets are issued, because it creates other issues such as fraud risk analysis and budget slack. Some of more noted social aspects can be seen in terms of giving an augmented focus on the CSR activities and adopting a strategy circumvent emissions control for curbing the problem at highest levels. Reference List 2.bp.blogspot.com. (2016). [online] Available at: https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-1IQnIU6JOnw/TtyeApfoLdI/AAAAAAAAAH0/ulrDW-J0K_0/s1600/Earned_Value_analysis_chart.jpg [Accessed 11 Dec. 2016]. Barrett, S. R., Speth, R. L., Eastham, S. D., Dedoussi, I. C., Ashok, A., Malina, R., Keith, D. W. (2015). Impact of the Volkswagen emissions control defeat device on US public health.Environmental Research Letters,10(11), 114005. Burki, T. K. (2015). Diesel cars and health: the Volkswagen emissions scandal.The Lancet Respiratory Medicine,3(11), 838-839. Ewing, J. (2015). Volkswagen Says 11 Million Cars Worldwide Are Affected in Diesel Deception.The New York Times,22. Hotten, R. (2015). Volkswagen: The scandal explained. BBC News. 10 December 2015. Kretchmer, H. (2015). The man who discovered the Volkswagen emissions scandal.BBC News. Ruddick, G. (2015). VW admits emissions scandal was caused by whole chain of failures.The Guardian. https://www. theguardian. com/business/2015/dec/10/volkswagen-emissions-scandal-systematic-failures-hans-dieter-potsch. Accessed February,26, 2016. Schiermeier, Q. (2015). The science behind the Volkswagen emissions scandal.Nature News,25. Sustainabilityreport2013.volkswagenag.com. (2016).Performance and Participation | Volkswagen Sustainability Report 2013. [online] Available at: https://sustainabilityreport2013.volkswagenag.com/people/performance-and-participation [Accessed 11 Dec. 2016]. Thompson, M., Kottasova, I. (2015). Volkswagen Scandal Widens.CNNMoney, 22Sept.